• NATO and cyber defence (2011)

• “Defending the networks. The NATO Policy on Cyber Defence” (2011)

• Anders Fogh Rasmussen (NATO Secretary General): “Building security in an age of austerity” (Speech, Munich Security Conference, 2011)

• NATO Review: “New threats: the cyber-dimension” (2011)

• NATO Review: “Social media: the frontline of cyberdefence?” (2011)

• NATO Briefing: Tackling new security challenges (2011)

• NATO C3 Agency: “Multinational Cyber Defence. Capability Development (MN CD2) Initiative” (2011)

• NATO Parliamentary Assembly: “173 DSCFC 09 E bis – NATO and Cyber Defence” (2009)

• Bucharest Summit Declaration 2008

• Tikk, Eneken/Kaska, Kadri/Vihul, Liis: “International Cyber Incidents” (NATO CCDCOE; 2010)

• European Commission: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Critical Information Infrastructure Protection. ‘Achievements and next steps: towards global cyber-security’ (2011) 

• European Commission: European principles and guidelines for Internet resilience and stability (2011) 

• European Commission, DG Home Affairs: “Boosting Europe’s defences against cyber-attacks” (2011)

• Cecilia Malmström (European Commissioner responsible for Home Affairs): “Stepping up the fight against cyber crime” (2011) 

• Neelie Kroes (Vice-President of the European Commission responsible for the Digital Agenda): “Internet governance” (Speech, 2011)

• Neelie Kroes (Vice-President of the European Commission responsible for the Digital Agenda): “Update on the Digital Agenda” (Speech, 2011)

• European Commission: Proposal for a Directive on attacks against information systems, repealing Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA (2010) 

• European Commission: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council. The EU Internal Security Strategy in Action: Five steps towards a more secure Europe (2010)

• European Commission: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: A Digital Agenda for Europe (2010) 

• European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe slideshow presentation (2010)

• European Commission: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Critical Information Infrastructure Protection. “Protecting Europe from large scale cyber-attacks and disruptions: enhancing preparedness, security and resilience” (2009)

• European Commission: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council and the Committee of the Regions. Towards a general policy on the fight against cyber crime (2007)

• Council of the European Union: Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Attacks against Information Systems, replacing Council Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA – General Approach (2010)

• Council of the European Union: Council conclusions concerning an Action Plan to implement the concerted strategy to combat cybercrime (2010) 

• Council of the European Union: Council conclusions on Digital Agenda for Europe (2010)

• Granada Ministerial Declaration on the European Digital Agenda: Agreed on 19 April 2010 (2010)

• Council of the European Union: Council conclusions of 27 November 2008 on a concerted work strategy and practical measures against cybercrime (2009/C 62/05)

• Council of the European Union: Council Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA of 24 February 2005 on attacks against information systems (2005)  

• EU-US Working Group on Cyber-Security and Cyber-Crime: Concept Paper (April 2011)

• European Parliament, Directorate-General for External Policies/Policy Department: Cybersecurity and cyberpower: concepts, conditions and capabilities for cooperation for action within the EU (2011, authors: Klimburg, Alexander/Tiirma-Klaar, Heli) 

• European Parliament resolution of 5 May 2010 on a new Digital Agenda for Europe: 2015.eu (2010) 
  
   

• ENISA Work Programme 2011. Securing Europe’s Information Society           

• ENISA General Report 2010 (2011)

• ENISA: “Cyber Europe 2010 Report” (2011)

• ENISA: “Botnets: Measurement, Detection, Disinfection and Defence” (2011)

• ENISA Corporate Brochure (2009)

• ENISA Factsheet: “ENISA Relations with EU Bodies & Member States” (2009)

• ENISA Factsheet: “Network and Information Security Good Practice Brokerage” (2009)

• ENISA Factsheet: “Protecting Europe’s Citizens against Cyber Attacks” (2008)

• ENISA Factsheet: “Relations with Industry & International Organisations” (2008)

• ENISA: Strengthening EU legislation (2008)

• Europol: Cybercrime presents a major challenge for law enforcement (2011) 

• Europol: Threat Assessment. Internet facilitated organised crime (iOCTA; 2011)

• Council of Europe: Convention on Cybercrime (2004)

• Council of Europe: Map: Global reach of the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (2011)

• Council of Europe: Factsheet ‘The Council of Europe and cybercrime’ (2010)

• Council of Europe: Messages from the Octopus Interface Conference (2010)

• ICANN: Plan for Enhancing Internet Security, Stability, and Resiliency (2009)

• International Telecommunication Union (ITU): Global Cybersecurity Agenda (Presentation, 2011) 

• International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Global Cybersecurity Agenda: High-Level Experts Group Chairman’s Report (2008) 

• International Telecommunication Union (ITU): ITU Study on the Financial Aspects of Network Security: Malware and Spam. Final Report (2008)

• Interpol: Factsheet Cybercrime (2011)

• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): “Reducing Systemic Cybersecurity Risk” (2011; authors: Sommer, Peter/Brown, Ian) 

• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Development of Policies for Protection of Critical Information Infrastructures. Ministerial Background Report. DSTI/ICCP/REG(2007)20/FINAL (2008) 

• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Economics of Malware: Security Decisions, Incentives and Externalities (2008)

• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE): Position Paper by the Office of the Representative on Freedom of the Media to the ‘OSCE Conference on a Comprehensive Approach to Cyber Security: Exploring the Future OSCE Role’, 9-10 May 2011, Vienna (2011)    

• Organisation of American States (OAS): A Comprehensive inter-American cybersecurity strategy: A multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach to creating a culture of cybersecurity (2004)

• United Nations (UN), Twelfth UN Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice: A Cyberspace Treaty – A United Nations Convention or Protocol on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime (2010, author: Stein Schjolberg)

• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC): Report on the meeting of the open-ended intergovernmental expert group to conduct a comprehensive study of the problem of cybercrime held in Vienna from 17 to 21 January 2011 (2011)

• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC): Expert group on cybercrime. Provisional agenda (2010)

• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Terrorism Prevention Branch: Countering the Use of Internet for Terrorist Purposes (Presentation, 2011) 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

• The White House: Presidential Proclamation – National Cybersecurity Awareness Month (Speech, 2011)

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Information Security. Weaknesses Continue Amid New Federal Efforts to Implement Requirements (2011)

• The White House: International Strategy for Cyberspace. Prosperity, Security, and Openness in a Networked World (2011)

• Department of Homeland Security: “Enabling Distributed Security in Cyberspace. Building a Healthy and Resilient Cyber Ecosystem with Automated Collective Action” (2011)

• Department of Defense Strategy for Operating in Cyberspace (2011)

• The White House: National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace. Enhancing Online Choice, Efficiency, Security, and Privacy (2011)

• Department of Homeland Security: Stop. Think. Connect. Campaign (2011)

• Department of Justice: Requirements for effective computer crime investigations (Presentation; 2011) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Critical Infrastructure Protection. Key Private and Public Cyber Expectations Need to Be Consistently Addressed (2010) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Critical Infrastructure Protection. Update to National Infrastructure Protection Plan Includes Increased Emphasis on Risk Management and Resilience (2010) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Cybersecurity. Continued Attention to Protect Federal Information Systems from Evolving Threats (2010) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Cybersecurity. Progress Made but Challenges Remain in Defining and Coordinating the Comprehensive National Initiative (2010) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Cyberspace. United States Faces Challenges in Addressing Global Cybersecurity and Governance (2010) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Cyberspace Policy. Executive Branch Is Making Progress Implementing 2009 Policy Review Recommendations, but Sustained Leadership is Needed (2010)

• The White House: Cyberspace Policy Review. Assuring a Trusted and Resilient Information and Communications Infrastructure (2009)

• The White House: The Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative (2009)

• The White House: “Remarks by the President on securing our nation’s cyber infrastructure“ (Speech, 2009)

• US Cyber Consequences Unit (US-CCU): Overview by the US-CCU of the Cyber Campaign Against Georgia in August 2008 (2009) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): National Cybersecurity Strategy. Key Improvements Are Needed to Strengthen the Nation’s Posture (2009)

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Critical Infrastructure Protection. DHS Needs to Better Address Its Cybersecurity Responsibilities (2008) 

• United States Government Accountability Office (GAO): Cybercrime. Public and Private Entities Face Challenges in Addressing Cyber Threats (2007)

UNITED KINGDOM

• William Hague (UK Foreign Secretary): “Security and freedom in the cyber age” (Speech, Munich Security Conference, 2011)

• US-UK Cyber Communiqué (2011)

• Cyber Security Strategy of the United Kingdom. Safety, security and resilience in cyber space (2009)

FRANCE

• Défense et sécurité des systèmes d’information. Stratégie de la France (2011)

• Dispositif français de lutte contre la cybercriminalité (Presentation, 2011) 

GERMANY

• Cyber Security Strategy for Germany (2011)

• Federal Office for Information Security: The IT Security Situation in Germany in 2011 (2011)

THE NETHERLANDS

• The National Cyber Security Strategy (NCSS). Success through cooperation (2011)

ESTONIA

• Ministry of Defence Estonia: Cyber Security Strategy (2008)

RUSSIA

• Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation: Approved by President Vladimir Putin on September 9, 2000 (2000)

• Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Cybercrime: New Threat and Global Response (Presentation, 2011)

• Ministry of the Interior: Cybercrime is a threat of XXI century. prospects (Presentation, 2011) 

CANADA

• Canada’s Cyber Security Awareness Initiative, “Get Cyber Safe” (2011)

• Speech of Minister Toews For the Launch of Canada’s Cyber Security Awareness Month and Public Education Initiative to Promote Cyber Security Awareness (2011)

• Canada’s Cyber Security Strategy (2010) 

AUSTRALIA

• Australian Government: Cyber Security Strategy (2009)

INDIA

•  Department of Information Technology: Cyber Security Strategy (2011)

JAPAN

• Japanese Information-technology Promotion Agency, IT Security Center: Japanese Information Security Status

2011

• Abrial, Stéphane: “NATO Builds Its Cyberdefenses”, The New York Times, 27 February 2011

• Babst, Stefanie: “Security Policies 2.0: Can Facebook, Twitter and Co Make an Impact?”, atlantic-community.org, 6 September 2011

• Bloom, Les/Savage John E.: “On Cyber Peace” (Atlantic Council, 2011)

• Brammer, Robert F.: “A Dynamic Nucleus for Collective Cyber-Defence” (RUSI, 2011)

• Clemente, Dave (Chatham House): “Cyber Espionage – A Great Leap Forward?” (2011)

• Clinton, Larry: “A Relationship on the Rocks: Industry-Government Partnership for Cyber Defense”, Journal of Strategic Security (2011)

• Cornish, Paul (Chatham House): “The Vulnerabilities of Developed States to Economic Cyber Warfare” (2011)

• Cornish, Paul/Livingstone, David/Clemente, Dave/Yorke, Claire (Chatham House): “Cyber Security and the UK’s Critical National Infrastructure” (2011)

• CSIS: Cyber Incidents Since 2006 (2011) 

• “Cyber Security in International Relations”, Strategic Insights (2011) 

• “Cyberwarfare Challenge” (Nature; 2011) 

• Dunlap Jr., Charles J.: “Perspectives for Cyber Strategists on Law for Cyber”, Strategic Studies Quarterly (2011) 

• “Freedom and security in cyberspace”, The Economist, October 2011 

• Freedom House: “Freedom on the net. A Global Assessment of Internet and Digital Media” (2011)

• Healey, Jason: “Breakthrough or Just Broken? China and Russia’s UNGA Proposal on Cyber Norms” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “Bringing a Gun to a Knife Fight: US Declaratory Policy and Striking Back in Cyber Conflict” (Atlantic Council 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “Cyber Attacks Against NATO, Then and Now” (Atlantic Council, 2011)

• Healey, Jason: “Cyberterror is Aspirational Blather” (Atlantic Council, 2011)

• Healey, Jason: “NATO and Strategic Cyber Capabilities” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “NATO Cyber Defense: Moving Past the Summit” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “Pentagon’s New Cyber Strategy” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “Pursuing Cyber Statecraft” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason/Pitts, Hannah: “Strategic Instability is Inherent in Cyber Conflict” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “The Reality of 9/11-Related Predictions of Cyber Attacks” (Atlantic Council, 2011) 

• Healey, Jason: “Why No Cyber 9/11s Yet?” (Atlantic Council, 2011)
   

• Hewson, Robert: “Cyber-Defence to the Fore” (RUSI, 2011)

• Keating, Joshua: “Anonymous vs. NATO: Get your popcorn ready” (2011)

• Kramer, Franklin D.: “Cyber Conflict: Challenging the future” (Speech, 2011)

• Lewis, James Andrew (CSIS): “Rethinking Cybersecurity – A Comprehensive approach” (Speech, Tokyo, 2011)

• Lynn, William J. III (US Deputy Secretary of Defense): “The Pentagon’s Cyberstrategy, One Year Later”, Foreign Affairs, September 2011 

• Masters, Jonathan: “Confronting the Cyber Threat. Backgrounder” (CFR; 2011)

• Nye, Joseph S.: “Cyber Power” (2010) 

• Soloman, Jonathan: “Cyberdeterrence Between Nation-States: Plausible Strategy or a Pipe Dream?”, Strategic Studies Quarterly (2011) 

• Sterner, Eric: “Retaliatory Deterrence in Cyberspace”, Strategic Studies Quarterly (2011)

• Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J.: “How to crash the Internet” (2011) 

• Weinberger, Sharon: “Is this the Start of Cyberwarfare?”, Nature (2011)

• Zenko, Micah (CFR): “Cyber Attacks and Pentagon Responses” (2011)

2010

• “A cyber-missile aimed at Iran?”, The Economist, September 2010

• Cornish, Paul/Livingstone, David/Clemente, Dave/Yorke, Claire (Chatham House): “On Cyber Warfare” (2010) 

• Demchak, Chris: “Cybered Conflict vs. Cyber War” (Atlantic Council, 2010) 

• Evans, Karen/Reeder, Franklin: “A Human Capital Crisis in Cybersecurity” (CSIS; 2010)

• Geer, Daniel E.: “Cybersecurity and National Policy” (2010)

• Goldsmith, Jack: “The Cyberthreat, Government Network Operations, and the Fourth Amendment” (2010)

• Heickerö, Roland: “Emerging Cyber Threats and Russian Views on Information Warfare and Information Operations” (2010) 

• Information Warfare Monitor/Shadowserver Foundation (Joint report): “Shadows in the Cloud. Investigating Cyber Espionage 2.0” (2010)

• Jackson, William: “How can we be at cyberwar if we don’t know what it is?” (2010)

• Knake, Robert K. “Internet Governance in an Age of Cyber Insecurity” (CFR; 2010)

• Lewis, James A.: “Thresholds for Cyberwar” (CSIS, 2010) 

• Lynn, William J. III: “Defending a New Domain”, Foreign Affairs, September/October 2010

• Thompson, Mark: “U.S. Cyberwar Strategy: The Pentagon Plans to Attack”, TIME, February 2010

2009

• Cornish, Paul (Chatham House): “Cyber security and Politically, Socially and Religiously Motivated Cyber Attacks” (2009)

• Cornish, Paul/Hughes, Rex/Livingstone, David (Chatham House): “Cyberspace and the National Security of the United Kingdom. Threats and Responses” (2009)

• Flook, Kara: “Russia and the Cyber Threat” (2009)

• Freedom House: “Freedom on the net. A Global Assessment of Internet and Digital Media” (2009)

• Hathaway, Melissa E.: “Strategic Advantage: Why America Should Care About Cybersecurity” (2009) 

• Information Warfare Monitor: “Tracking Ghostnet. Investigating a Cyber Espionage Network” (2009)

• Intelligence and National Security Alliance: “Addressing Cyber Security Through Public-Private Partnership: An Analysis of Existing Models” (2009) 

• Krekel, Bryan (US-China Economic and Security Review Commission): “Capability of the People’s Republic of China to Conduct Cyber Warfare and Computer Network Exploitation” (2009)

• Lewis, James A.: “The ‘Korean’ Cyber Attacks and Their Implications for Cyber Conflict” (CSIS, 2009) 

• Libicki, Martin C.: “Cyberdeterrence and cyberwar” (Rand, 2009) 

• Rosenbach, Eric/Peritz, Aki J.: “Confrontation or collaboration? Congress and the Intelligence Community” (2009)

2008

• Espiner, Tom: “How Estonia’s attacks shook the world” (2008) 

• “Securing Cyberspace for the 44th Presidency. A Report of the CSIS Commission on Cybersecurity for the 44th Presidency” (2008) 

• Waters, Gary/Ball, Desmond/Dudgeon, Ian: “Australia and Cyber-warfare” (2008) 

• Wilson, Clay: “Botnets, Cybercrime, and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Policy Issues for Congress” (Congressional Research Service; 2008)

2006

• Abele-Wigert, Isabelle/Dunn, Myriam: “An Inventory of 20 National and 6 International Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Pictures” (CSS; 2006)

2004

• Bosch, Olivia: “Defending Against Cyber Terrorism: Preserving the Legitimate Economy” (2004) 

• Thomas, Timothy L.: “Comparing US, Russian, and Chinese Information Operations Concepts” (2004)